Coconut Oil For A Saponification Of Organic Chemistry In Chemistry

The experiment is to observe a variety of chemical reactions and to identify patterns in

Atoms are the basic units of matter and all life is based on them. Life on earth is based on the element carbon. It is a highly versatile atom able to form four covalent bonds with itself or other atoms such as hydrogen and water. Atoms combine to form molecules and those that are carbon based are referred to as organic molecules. Organic molecules occur in four different types in living cells; carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. They are also known as hydrocarbons due to the presence of both hydrogen and carbon. Carbohydrates are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio 1:2:1. They are important sources of energy and are classified in three main groups; monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.

Abstract: One mixture of two unknown liquid compounds and one mixture of two unknown solid compounds were separated, isolated, purified, and characterized by boiling point. Two liquid unknowns were separated, isolated, and purified via simple distillation. Then, the process of an acid-base extraction and washing were used to separate two unknown compounds into two crude compounds: an organic acid and a neutral organic compound. Each crude compound was purified by recrystallization, resulting in a carboxylic acid (RCO2H) and a pure organic compound (RZ). The resulting mass of the pure carboxylic acid was 1.688g with a percent recovery of 31.80%, the boiling range was 244-245 °C, and its density was 2.0879g/mL. The resulting mass of the pure organic solid was 2.4902g with a percent recovery of 46.91%, the boiling range was 52.0-53.4°C, and its density was 1.5956 g/mL.

Purpose: To use indicators to test for the presence of organic compounds in certain substances.

Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to observe a variety of chemical reactions and to identify patterns in the conversion of reactants into products.

The experiment began by mixing the initial 1.775g isopentyl alcohol with 2.3 mL acetic acid and about 5 drops sulfuric acid. This reaction mixture was then heated under reflux for an hour after boiling of the reaction mixture began.

2. Plan: Each student in a group of three will work to create a reaction with the Benzonitrile Oxide with, cis-stilbene, trans-stilbene, or styrene in an Erlenmyer flask. With this Reaction solution thin layer chromatography will be performed using each reaction solution. The different reactions will then be compared by running co-spot TLC’s. An NMR of the crude products from each reaction will be taken.

Results: No substantial qualitative data was collected, except that the original reaction mixture turned a purple color. Upon the addition of anise oil and heat, the reaction mixture turned a brown color. And with the addition of NaHSO3 the mixture turned a white color. The mass of the final product sample was measured to be 0.08g (see Calculation 1). The melting point range for this sample was 172.8-185.4ºC in Trial 1 and 171.6-185.2ºC in Trial 2 (see Table 1). The IR spectrum of anise oil can be found attached. Peaks appear to exist at 3022.86, 3002.41, 2957.58, 2933.88, 2912.63, 2834.94, and 2723.19 (cm-1). Another set of peaks appear to exist at 1608.06, 1510.55, 1464.73, 1441.16, 1306.3, 1283.06, 1247.18, 1174.78, 1036.26, 964.58, 839.29, and 787.03 (cm-1). No other significant quantitative results were collected.

The reaction took place in a conical vial and .2mL of each of the reactant samples were added to it along with some 95% ethanol. Two drops of NaOH were added shortly after and stirred at room temperature for fifteen minutes. The vial was cooled in and ice bath and crystallized. Vacuum filtration was performed to filter the crude product. The crude product was recrystallized using methanol and filtered again. We made one change to the procedure and instead of using .7mL of ethanol we

Dispense .5 mL water into the already weighed conical vial, replace cap and face insert on its down side.

At room temperature (25°C), esterification reactions are relatively slow, therefore requiring the rate of the chemical reaction to be increased for the products to be formed efficiently. This is implemented, by using a catalyst, such as concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4 (aq)), as well as by heating the mixture: using a heating mantle. As a result, the energy of the reactants can be greater than the activation energy, increasing the rate of reaction. Hence, as the reactants are relatively volatile, so reflux apparatus such as a pear-shaped flask and a Liebig condenser were used, to minimise the amount of reactants lost, as well as allow the reaction to take place at the highest temperature possible. In addition, boiling chips were added prior to reflux, to prevent bumping and a decrease a loss of volatile reactants, during the reflux

Purpose: The purpose of the experiment was to perform the acid-catalyzed Fischer Esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol to form isopentyl acetate, or banana oil, which is used in flavor industries. The equilibrium of the reaction was changed by adding an excess amount of acetic acid. The reaction was refluxed and product was purified by extraction and distillation. Isopentyl acetate was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectroscopy.

The purpose of this lab was to synthesize the ester isopentyl acetate via an acid catalyzed esterification (Fischer Esterification) of acetic acid with isopentyl alcohol. Emil Fischer and Arthur Speier were the pioneers of this reaction referred to as Fischer Esterification. The reaction is characterized by the combining of an alcohol and an acid (with an acid catalyst) to yield and ester plus water. In order to accomplish the reaction, the reactants were

Martin Novick Group 14, Chemical Engineering Laboratory Submitted to Prof. David B. Henthorn September 25, 2012 Summary The goal of this project was to determine the pre-exponential factor, k o , the activation energy, E, and the reaction rate constants, k, of the saponification process of ethyl acetate using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 5 temperature between 15 and 25 degrees Celsius. Two trails were performed at temperatures 16, 18, 20, 22, and 24 degrees Celsius. The main equipment of the project were the jacketed beaker batch reactor and the LabPro conductivity probe. The solution’s conductivity throughout the reaction was collected and plotted in a linearized plot against time to

Organic compounds are, by definition, any chemical compound containing carbon. These compounds include carbohydrates, polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Each one of these compounds has a different purpose. Carbohydrates give energy to cells when consumed. Lipids are basically the fats of a cell. Proteins are the building blocks of muscle in a cell. Nucleic acids are used to transfer genetic information from one cell to the other.