Ap Biology Lab

Please answer these questions then place them in the drop box for this lab. Use Microsoft word if possible.

I know that osmosis will occur in the vegetables, but I am not sure of

The soap is thick and the penny is rough. The tap water latest longer than the soapy water

The Earth is a huge planet this is covered by 70 percent water. Astonishingly from this 70 percent the human population can only use 1 percent of the world’s water the rest of it is salt water, frozen, or in some way unattainable (Santa Clara Valley Water District, 2016). Humans have found many different ways to obtain this 1 percent of fresh water they need, but the techniques vary depending on location. In San Jose, California we obtain our water from 3 major sources: groundwater, imported surface water, and local mountain surface water. These 3 sources contribute different amounts of water to the San Jose community. Imported surface water composes about 50 percent of our water supply, while ground water composes roughly 40 percent, and local mountain surface water composes approximately 10 percent (Santa Jose Water Company, 2016). However, these percentages can change due to factors such as weather and global warming.

1. Information transfer is fundamental to all living organisms. For TWO of the following examples, explain in detail, how the transfer of information is accomplished.

Purpose: What is the purpose of this exercise? Are there any safety concerns associated with this exercise? If so, list what they are and what precautions should be taken. To understand the structure and function of multipolar neuron,unipolar and bipolar neurons. Also to identify the structures of a nerve. There are no safety concerns for this lab.

Generally, people water their plants with 100% H2O—no solutes added. What sort of environment does this create around the roots of the plant?

7) What would happen if you applied saltwater to a plant? The saltwater has a lower water potential due to the solute, and therefore water would move out of the plant, dehydrating it.

Osmosis is defined as the tendency of water to flow through a semipermeable membrane to the side with a lower solute concentration. Water potential can be explained by solutes in a solution. The more positive a number is more likely it will lose water. Therefore should water potential be negative the cell the less likely it will lose water. In using potatoes the effects of the molarity of sucrose on the turgidity of plant cells. According to Clemson University, the average molarity of a White potato is between .24 M and .31 M when submerged in a sorbitol solution. This experiment was conducted with the purpose of explaining the relationship found between the mass in plants when put into varying concentrations of sucrose solutions. Should the potatoes be placed in a solution that contains 0.2M or .4M of sucrose solution it will be hypotonic and gain mass or if placed in .6M< it will be hypertonic and lose mass instead. Controlled Variables in this lab were: Composition of plastic cups, Brand of Russet Potatoes, Brand of Sweet Potatoes and the Temperature of the room. For independent variable that caused the results recorded it was the different Sucrose concentrations (0.0M, 0.2M, 0.4M, 0.6M, 0.8M, 1M). The dependent variable was the percentage change from the initial weighs to the final. The cup with .4 molarity was the closest to an isotonic solution and was used as the control group for the lab. Water potential is the free energy per mole of water. It is

Those three experiments showed that the way onion cells are dealing with the movement of water in and out of the cell is by osmosis. That Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a membrane into a solution having a greater solute concentration. The cell

To begin with, before I started my experiment I had to make a hypothesis on what I thought was going to occur .I thought that the food dye would only make a difference on the water.I also thought that if the water would change color as it would only make it vibrant.I thought that since it was vibrant It could be used as a decoration for your room or for any other occasion.

Water is essential to food security. Food production to a great extend is depending on water. Water can be a great use of irrigation to the agriculture. Not only for the food crop, non-food crop like cotton and rubber also count on water in order for its growth. About 70% of freshwater are now for irrigation use. “According to the united nations, 1.2 billion people already live in areas experiencing a lack of physical access to water.” (purt, 2013)

Thorough research on this task was used by investigating 14 different sites. These ranged between obtaining definitions for hypotonic, hypertonic and istonic; researching osmosis in food processes, finding out more about chemiosmosis, the pros and cons / advantages and disadvantages of reverse osmosis, it’s application and process. The idea behind the research was to prepare adequately before doing the experiment and also to help understand the results and outcomes of the experiment and the techniques used.

Water is naturally occurring, water is essential to life and every activity carried out requires water. Friis (2012) reported that humans can only survive approximately one week without water, with the average daily consumption about 2.5 liters and overall daily usage about 400 liters (Friis, 2012). Water is employed for a variety of reasons, ranging from domestic to agricultural, to industrial, to thermoelectric and so much more. Two sources of water were identified by Kenny et al. (2009) of the United States Geographical Survey (USGS), they include; surface water and groundwater, both fresh and saline. According to Kenny et al. (2009) of the USGS, water supplies and their uses are affected by factors such as demographics, economic trends, legal decisions, and climatic fluctuations. For this paper, I will focus on irrigation, one of the ways which water is used.

Scientists and researchers have stated that fresh water resources are running low worldwide, and are only expected to worsen over time as the population increases (Pearce, 2007), (Browns, Amazon books). Given the current trends of resource depletion and population increase, as much as two thirds of the world population in 2025 may be subject to moderate-to-high water stress, where only a small fraction of available renewable fresh water, less than 0.01 percent, is readily obtainable for the direct human use (United Nations, 1997a).