PSY-102-RS-T7-Template2-Brochure

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Grand Canyon University *

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102

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Psychology

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May 7, 2024

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docx

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4

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[Amber Sweatt] PSY-102 General Psychology [Christal Abron] [1/21/2024] Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder commonly known as ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that can cause an individual to have a lower attention span, trouble with impulse control, and their activity level. While this disorder is more commonly diagnosed in children, there is no age limit for a diagnosis of this disorder (Núñez-Jaramillo, et al., 2021). However, males are more likely to be diagnosed in childhood verses their female counterparts who are more likely to be diagnosed in adulthood (Young, et al., 2020). Although ADHD is not fully understood, there has been a multitude of studies and research conducted to better understand cause(s), symptoms, and treatment of this disorder. Causes of the disorder While the direct cause of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is not exactly known, researchers have conducted many studies that give some insight on what the cause of this disorder may be. It is believed that ADHD risk factors can be presented even before conception, some studies stating that the consistent consumption of alcohol from either the mother or father preconceptionally can lead to a later ADHD diagnosis. Additionally, some factors can be presented while the fetus is in utero such as malnutrition of the pregnant mother (Núñez- Jaramillo, et al., 2021). Perinatal hypoxia, a condition in which a fetus does not receive enough oxygen after birth due to factors such as the mother smoking during pregnancy, brain injuries, maternal anemia, birth asphyxia, or umbilical cord prolapse, can later lead to a diagnosis (What Is Perinatal Hypoxia, 2021). Infants born prematurely are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD. Furthermore, children exposed to elevated levels of metals such as manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, tin, barium, and lead have been linked with an ADHD diagnosis. ADHD can run in families, this is due to the genes passed down from the parents to offspring giving a higher risk of the child developing this disorder (Núñez-Jaramillo, et al., 2021).
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