Christian missionaries began to penetrate the East African interior, conflicting with the trade-sparked spread of Islam. Christians attempted to alter African social structure by encouraging monogamy. Mission stations established communities of liberated slaves and war refugees.
Mwanga attempted to decapitate both Muslim and Christian factions at the Bugandan court. His efforts failed and led instead to his defeat and exile, and a series of religious civil wars.
Kiwewa succeeded Mwanga as kabaka. By Oct. 18, the Muslim faction was ascendant in Buganda. All Christian missionaries were expelled, and Kiwewa was deposed. Muslim kabaka Kalema succeeded him.
Sir Frederick Lugard, with an armed force, arrived in Buganda. He induced the kabaka to sign a new treaty and attempted to restore peace among the religious factions.
Arrival of Sir Gerald Portal in Buganda. Despite its reluctance to get involved in Buganda, the British East Africa Company was induced to remain because of the intervention and financial support of missionary interests.
Outbreak of the mutiny of the Sudanese troops in Uganda. It was finally suppressed by Indian troops in Aug. 1898. Scattered fighting continued until 1901.
