The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-07.
Rhine Canals
Among the chief canals linking the Rhine with other river systems are the Rhine-Rhône Canal, 217 mi (349 km) long (built 1784–1833, now unimportant), connecting with the Rhône River through the Saône River; the Rhine-Marne Canal, 195 mi (314 km) long (built 1841–52); and the Dortmund-Ems Canal, 165 mi (266 km) long (built 1892–99), and the Rhine-Herne Canal, 24 mi (39 km) long (built 1907–14), connecting the Rhine with the West German port of Emden. The Rhine-Main-Danube Canal, opened in 1992, links waterway systems between the North Sea and the Black Sea. Its waters are also used to generate electricity.
