The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.
Appendix I
Indo-European Roots
ENTRY:
sker-2
DEFINITION:
Also ker-. To turn, bend. Presumed base of a number of distantly related derivatives. Derivatives include shrink, ranch, rink, curve, crepe, circle, search, and crown. 1. Extended form *(s)kreg- in nasalized form *(s)kre-n-g-.a.shrink, from Old English scrincan, to wither, shrivel up, from Germanic *skrink-;b. variant *kre-n-g-.(i)ruck2, from Old Norse hrukka, a crease, fold; (ii)flounce1, from Old French fronce, pleat, from Frankish *hrunkjan, to wrinkle. Both (i) and (ii) from Germanic *hrunk-.2. Extended form *(s)kregh- in nasalized form *skre-n-gh-.a.ring1, from Old English hring, a ring; b.ranch, range, rank1, rink; arrange, derange, from Old French renc,reng, line, row; c.ringhals, from Middle Dutch rinc (combining form ring-), a ring. a–c all from Germanic *hringaz, something curved, circle. 3. Extended form *kreuk-.a.ridge, from Old English hrycg, spine, ridge; b.rucksack, from Old High German hrukki, back. Both a and b from Germanic hrugjaz.4. Suffixed variant form *kur-wo-.curb, curvature, curve, curvet, from Latin curvus, bent, curved. 5. Suffixed extended form *kris-ni-.crinoline, from Latin crnis (< *crisnis), hair. 6. Suffixed extended form *kris-t-.crest, crista, cristate, from Latin crista, tuft, crest. 7. Suffixed extended form *krip-so-.crepe, crisp, crispate, from Latin crispus (metathesized from *cripsus), curly. 8. Extended expressive form *krss-.crissum, from Latin crsre, (of women) to wiggle the hips during copulation. 9. Perhaps reduplicated form *ki-kr-o-.circa, circadian, circinate, Circinus, circle, circum-, circus, cirque, search; cricoid, recherché, from Greek kirkos,krikos, a ring. 10. Suffixed o-grade form *kor-no-.corona, crown, koruna, krona1, krona2, krone1, krone2, from Greek kornos, curved. 11. Suffixed variant form *kur-to.kurtosis, from Greek kurtos, convex. (Pokorny 3. (s)ker- 935.)
nis (< *crisnis), hair. 6. Suffixed extended form *kris-t
-. crest, crista, cristate, from Latin crista, tuft, crest. 7. Suffixed extended form *krip-so-. crepe, crisp, crispate, from Latin crispus (metathesized from *cripsus), curly. 8. Extended expressive form *kr
no-. corona, crown, koruna, krona1, krona2, krone1, krone2, from Greek kor
