| The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000. |
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Appendix I
Indo-European Roots |
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| ENTRY: | bh -1 |
| DEFINITION: | To shine. Oldest form *bhe 2-, colored to *bha2-, contracted to *bh-.
Derivatives include beacon, berry, banner, fantasy, and phase.
1. Suffixed zero-grade form *bh-w-. a. beacon, from Old English b ac(e)n, beacon; b. beckon, from Old English bcnan, b ecnan, to make a sign, beckon, from Germanic denominative *bauknjan; c. buoy, from Old French boue, buoy. a–c all from Germanic *baukna-, beacon, signal. 2. Perhaps Germanic *bazja-, berry (< “bright-colored fruit”). a. berry; mulberry, from Old English berie, berige, berry, and Old High German beri, berry; b. frambesia, from Old French framboise, raspberry, alteration of Frankish *brm-besi, “bramble berry.” 3a. bandoleer, from Spanish banda, sash; b. banderilla, banderole, banner, banneret1, banneret2, from Late Latin bandum, banner, standard. Both a and b from Germanic *bandwa-, “identifying sign,” banner, standard, sash, also “company united under a (particular) banner.” 4. Suffixed zero-grade form *bh-w-es-. phos-, phot, photo-; phosphorus, from Greek ph s (stem pht-), light. 5. Suffixed zero-grade form *bh-w-. Phaëthon, from Greek phaeithein, to shine, burn. 6. Extended and suffixed zero-grade form *bh-n-yo-. fantasy, pant, –phane, phantasm, phantom, phase, pheno-, phenomenon; diaphanous, emphasis, epiphany, hierophant, phanerogam, Phanerozoic, phantasmagoria, phosphene, sycophant, theophany, tiffany, from Greek phainein, “to bring to light,” cause to appear, show, and phainesthai (passive), “to be brought to light,” appear, with zero-grade noun phasis (*bh-ti-), an appearance. (Pokorny 1. bh- 104.) |
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| The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by the Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. |
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