gwer-1. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.

The American Heritage^® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.

Appendix I

Indo-European Roots

ENTRY:	g^wer-¹
DEFINITION:	Heavy. Oldest form g^wer₂-. Derivatives include grave², grief, aggravate, baritone, guru, brute,* and blitzkrieg. I. Zero-grade form g^w-. 1. Suffixed form g^w-wi-. grave², gravid, gravimeter, gravitate, gravity, grief, grieve; aggravate, aggrieve, from Latin gravis, heavy, weighty. 2. Suffixed form g^w-u-. a. barite, barium, baryon, baryta; baritone, barycenter, barysphere, charivari, from Greek barus,* heavy; b. guru, from Sanskrit guru-, heavy, venerable. 3. Suffixed form g^w-es-. bar², baro-; centrobaric, isallobar, isobar, from Greek baros,* weight. 4. Possibly g^wr- in Greek compound u(d)-bri- (see ud-). II. Suffixed extended form g^wr-to-. brut, brute, from Latin brtus,* heavy, unwieldy, dull, stupid, brutish. III. Suffixed extended form g^wr-g-. a. brio, from Spanish brio* or Provençal briu, vigor, from Celtic brg-o-, strength; b. brig, brigade, brigand, brigantine, from Old Italian briga,* strife, from Celtic brg--, strife; c. blitzkrieg, sitzkrieg, from Old High German krg,* chrg, stubbornness, from Germanic krg-. IV.* Suffixed full-grade form g^wer-n-, millstone. quern, from Old English cweorn,* quern. (Pokorny 2. ger- 476.)


The American Heritage^® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by the Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.