Two firms produce Bliffs. They compete by simultaneously choosing prices in a single period. The demand for Bliffs is given by P(Q) = 100-2Q where Q is market quantity and P is market price. Firm 1 has costs C1(q1) = 20q1 and Firm 2 has costs C2(q2) = 10q2. Which statement is true? %3D In the Nash equilibrium to the game, both firms play dominated strategies None of the other answers are correct O In the Nash equilibrium to the game, both firms play dominant strategies O In the Nash equilibrium to the game, both firms slowly lower prices towards marginal costs In the Nash equilibrium to the game, both firms set price equal to marginal cost
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- Consider two firms choosing quantities sequentially in a duopoly setting (i.e. the Stackelberg game). The two firms have identical products. Each firm has no fixed costs, and faces marginal costs equal to 5 plus the quantity it produces (i.e. MC = 5 + q). Market demand is given by Q = 46 - P, where Q is market quantity and P is market price. In equilibrium, how much will the firm that moves first produce?2 firms are engaged in Cournot competition; firm A faces the cost curveCA(yA)=40yAand firm Bfaces the cost curveCB(yB)=40yB. The inverse market demand curve isP(y)=100y, whereyrepresents market level of output. a)Define the Cournot game. b)In 1 or 2 sentences explain why a firm has no incentive to deviate from the Cournot Nash equilibrium(holding their opponent’s strategy constant). c)Find the Cournot Nash Equilibrium. d)Now suppose instead of playing their strategies at the same time, firm A moves first and then firm B moves second(sequentialgame).Does firm A earn higher profits in this game or the game in part c)?Problem 5.1. The inverse market demand for printer paper is given by P = 400 – 2Q. There are two firms who compete to produce this paper, each with a marginal cost of production equal to c = 40 over a large range of output (ie, assume constant marginal cost). The two firms compete in quantities, in other words they each simultaneously choose a quantity to produce (Cournot competition). Derive the Cournot-Nash equilibrium of this game. Please write final answers in the boxes, showing work in blank areas. (a) The reaction function for each firm. 91 (92): 92 (91) (b) Optimal output q for each firm. 92 = р = = π1 = (c) Market price (from demand curve). (d) Firm profits. 92 = π2 =
- Consider a Stackelberg duopoly:There are two firms in an industry with demand Q = 1 − Pd.The “leader” chooses a quantity qL to produce. The “follower” observes qL and chooses a quantity qF.Suppose now that the cost function is Ci(qi) = qi2 for i = L, F. (a) Find the subgame perfect equilibrium. (b) Compare the equilibrium you found with the Nash equilibrium if the game was simultaneous (i.e., Cournot competition). Is the Nash equilibrium of the Cournot game also a Nash equilibrium of the sequential game? Why or why not?Two firms, Tim Horbucks and Startons, consider enter the market for take-out coffee, or not. The profit each firm can make (in dollars) is indicated in the table below, where the fixed cost of producing is F dollars. What is the largest value of F below which the game has a UNIQUE Nash equilibrium in pure strategies? Startons Enter Not Enter Enter 400 - F, 400 - F 600 - F,0 Tim Horbucks Not Enter 0, 600 - F 0 ,0 Enter a positive number below, in dollars.Consider a market with two firms, Kellogg and Post, that sell breakfast cereais. Both companies must choose whether to charge a high price ($5.00) or a low price ($3.00) for their cereals. These price strategies, with corresponding profits, are depicted in the payoff matrix to the right. Kellogg's profits are in red and Post's are in blue. What is the cooperative equilibrium for this game? Kelogg Price- $5.00 Price $3.00 OA The cooperative equilibrium is for Kelogg to choose a price of $3.00 and Post to choose a price of $5.00. OB. The cooperative equilibrium is for Kellogg and Post to both choose a price of $3.00. OC. The cooperative equilibrium is for Kellogg and Post to both choose a price of $5.00. OD. The cooperative equilibrium is for Kellogg to choose a price of $5.00 and Post to choose a price dk $3.00. OF Acooperative equilibrium does not exist for this game 00 Price= $5.00 1200 S000 $1.000 Post Is the cooperative equilibrium ikely to occur? $1.000 Price $3.00 450 The…
- Assume that Acme and Gamma are the two main rivals in the market for hair dryers. Each firm is considering prices of $50 or $60, with the following possible profit outcomes: Gamma Price = 50 Price = 60 Price = 50 40, 45 45, 42 Acme Price = 60 24, 55 30, 48 A) Assume the firms choose prices simultaneously. Does the game have a solution? Explain. B) Is the solution you have identified a Nash Equilibrium? Explain why or why not.Consider the following static game with two firms as the players. Each firm must decide either to upgrade (U) an existing good to a new version; or not upgrade it (N). The decisions are simultaneous. If a firm chooses to upgrade, they have to pay a fixed cost of 7. If they don’t upgrade, there is no fixed cost. The marginal cost is always equal to 3. The demand side of the market is as follows: If neither firm upgrades, each firm sells 2 units at price 4. If both firms upgrade, each firm sells 3 units at price 5. If only one firm upgrades, the one who upgrades sells 5 units at price 5, and the other firm does not sell anything.Suppose the airline industry consisted of only two firms: American and Texas Air Corp. Let the two firms have identical cost functions, C(q) - 40g Assume that the demand curve for the industry is given by P= 190 -Q and that each firm expects the other to behave as a Cournot compedtor. Calculate the Coumot-Nash equilibrium for each firm, assuming that each chooses the output level that maximizes as profes when taking its rival's output as given. What are the profits of each firm? (Round all quantities and dollar amounts to two decimal places) When competing, each firm will produce units of output. In tum, each firm will earn profit of $. What would be the equilibrium quantity if Texas Air had constant marginal and average costs of $10 and American had corntant marginal and average costs of S407 It Texas Air had constant marginal and average costs of $10 and American had constant marginal and average costs of S40, American would produceunits and Texas Air Corp. would produce units. In…
- Consider a market with two firms, Target and Wal-Mart, that sell CDs in their music department. Both stores must choose whether to charge a high price ($25) or a low price ($17) for the new Miley Cyrus CD These price strategies with corresponding profits are depicted in the payoff matrix to the right Target's profits are in red and Wal Mart's are in blue Targefs dominant stratogy is to pick a price of s Wal Mart's dominant strategy is to pick a price of What is the Nash oquilbrium for this game? A A Nash oquilbrium does not exist for thes game OB. The Nash equilibrium is for Target to choose a price of $25 and Wal-Mart to choose a price of $17 OC The Nash oquilibrium is for Target and Wal-Mart to both choose a price of $17. The Nashi oquilbrium is for Target and Wal-Mart to bolth choose a price of $25 OE The Nash equilibrium is for Target to choose a price of $17 and Wal-Mart to choose a price of $25.1. Two firms (A and B) play a competition game (i.e. Cournot) in which they can choose any Qi from 0 to ¥. The firms have the same cost functions C(Qi) = 10Qi + 0.5Qi2, and thus MCi = 10 + Qi. They face a market demand curve of P = 220 – (QA + QB). Now assume firm A chooses quantity first. Firm B observes this choice and then chooses its own quantity. d)Firm A has MRA = 150 – 4QA/3. What are the equilibrium QA and QB selected in this game? e)What is the equilibrium price, and how much profit does each firm collect?Duopoly: 1. Consider a duopoly game with 2 firms. The market inverse demand curve is given by P(Q) = 120-Q, where Q = 9₁ +9₂ and q; is the quantity produced by firm i. The firm's long run total costs are given by C₁(9₁)=2q₁ and C₂(92)=92, respectively. a. Determine the Nash Equilibrium for Cournot competition, in which firms compete based on quantity. What is each firm's best response as a function of the other firm's output? Graph these best response functions in on the same graph. Compute the associated payoffs for each firm. b. Determine the Nash Equilibrium for Bertrand competition, in which firms compete based on price and stand ready to meet market demand at that price. What is each firm's best response as a function of the other firm's price? Graph these best response functions in on the same graph. Compute the associated payoffs for each firm. Game Th