n, or Pakistan. A) Religious and patriarchal structures are an enduring basis for progress. B) Islamic Law is philosophically as well as pragmatically compatible, in principles and practices, with Western standards of liberty and freedom. C) Compelling evidence confirms there is a “universal” civilization based on widespread acceptance of Western liberal democratic ideals. D) Since the beginning of humanity, societies have naturally evolved and organized along on enduring manifest boundaries that cannot collapse into one universal civilizational model
Far from the smart salons of historic Paris, France’s banlieues form the front line of an “unacknowledged civil war.” The banlieues, housing estates that ring French cities, were originally built to house factory workers and their families in the 1960s and 1970s; unable to afford housing in Paris, they moved to its outskirts. Today, the inhabitants of the banlieues are largely immigrants, particularly those from former French colonies in Africa, most notably Algeria.
Some, see the banlieues as home to the “foot-soldiers in the French Intifada” that shows increasing conflict between Islamic fundamentalism and secular France. Aiming to make understand the situation, observers note, leads one to consider the framework proposed by Samuel Huntington, in his text, “The Clash of Civilizations.” Its key thesis holds that that people's cultural and religious identities will be the primary source of conflict in the post-Cold War world.
Transnational institutions, tasked with the implicit mandate to sustain humanity through preempting global conflict, debate means and methods to prevent the class of civilizations. In a recent Policy Roundtable held by the Council for Foreign Relations, several arguments were raised and suggestions made going forward. Identify from the following which of the following arguments one would likely hear advocated by a representative of an Islamic country, say Saudi Arabia, Iran, or Pakistan.
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