Earth's neighboring galaxy, the Andromeda Galaxy, is a distance of 2.54 × 107 light-years from Earth. If the lifetime of a human is taken to be 85.0 years, a spaceship would need o achieve some minimum speed Umin to deliver a living human being to this galaxy. How close to the speed of light would this minimum speed be? Express your answer as the difference between Umin and the speed of light c. m/s C - Umin =

Earth's neighboring galaxy, the Andromeda Galaxy, is a distance of 2.54 × 107 light-years from Earth. If the lifetime of a human is taken to be 85.0 years, a spaceship would need o achieve some minimum speed Umin to deliver a living human being to this galaxy. How close to the speed of light would this minimum speed be? Express your answer as the difference between Umin and the speed of light c. m/s C - Umin =

Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text

5th Edition

ISBN:9781133104261

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter9: Relativity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 53P: An alien spaceship traveling at 0.600c toward the Earth launches a landing craft. The landing craft...

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(a) All but the closest galaxies are receding from our own Milky Way Galaxy. If a galaxy 12.0109ly ly away is receding from us at 0. 0.900c, at what velocity relative to us must we send an exploratory probe to approach the other galaxy at 0.990c, as measured from that galaxy? (b) How long will it take the probe to reach the other galaxy as measured from the Earth? You may assume that the velocity of the other galaxy remains constant. (c) How long will it then take for a radio signal to be beamed back? (All of this is possible in principle, but not practical.)
The muon is an unstable particle that spontaneously decays into an electron and two neutrinos. If the number of muons at t = 0 is N0, the number at time t is given by , where τ is the mean lifetime, equal to 2.2 μs. Suppose the muons move at a speed of 0.95c and there are 5.0 × 104 muons at t = 0. (a) What is the observed lifetime of the muons? (b) How many muons remain after traveling a distance of 3.0 km?
(a) Wliat is the approximate velocity relative to us of a galaxy near the edge of the known universe, some 10 Gly away? (b) What fraction of the speed of light is this? Note that we have observed galaxies moving away from us at greater than 0.9c.
(a) What is the approximate speed relative to us of a galaxy near the edge of the known universe, some 10 Gly away? (b) What traction of the speed of light is this? Note that we have observed galaxies moving away from us at greater than 0.9c.
(a) All but the closest galaxies are receding from our own Milky Way Galaxy. If a galaxy 12.0x109ly away is receding from us at 0.900c, at what velocity relative to us must we send an exploratory probe to approach the other galaxy at 0.990c as measured from that galaxy? (b) How long will it take the probe to reach the other galaxy as measured from Earth? You may assume that the velocity of the other galaxy remains constant. (c) How long will it then take for a radio signal to be beamed back? (All of this is possible in principle, but not practical.)
(a) Find the kinetic energy of a 78.0-kg spacecraft launched out of the solar system with speed 106 km/s by using the classical equation K=12mu2. (b) What If? Calculate its kinetic energy using the relativistic equation. (c) Explain the result of comparing the answers of parts (a) and (b).
(a) How long would the mum] in Example 5.3 have lived as observed on Earth if its velocity was. 0.0500c? (b) How far would it have traveled as observed on Earth? (c) What distance is this in the muon’s frame?
(a) What is the effective accelerating potential for electrons at the Stanford Linear Accelerator, if =1.00105 for them? (b) What is their total energy (nearly the same as kinetic in this case) in GeV?
(a) Beta decay is nuclear decay in which an electron is emitted. If the electron is given 0.750 MeV of kinetic energy, what is its velocity? (b) Comment on how the high velocity is consistent with the kinetic energy as it compares to the rest mass energy of the electron.
A spaceship, 200 m long as. seen on board, moves by the Earth at 0.970c. What is its length as measured by an earthbound observer?
Two powerless rockets are on a collision course. The rockets are moving with speeds of 0.800c and 0.600c and are initially 2.52 × 1012 m apart as measured by Liz, an Earth observer, as shown in Figure P1.34. Both rockets are 50.0 m in length as measured by Liz. (a) What are their respective proper lengths? (b) What is the length of each rocket as measured by an observer in the other rocket? (c) According to Liz, how long before the rockets collide? (d) According to rocket 1, how long before they collide? (e) According to rocket 2, how long before they collide? (f) If both rocket crews are capable of total evacuation within 90 min (their own time), will there be any casualties? Figure P1.34
Unreasonable Results A spaceship is heading directly toward Earth at a velocity of 0.800c. The astronaut on board claims that he can send a canister toward the Earth at 1.20c relative to Earth. (a) Calculate the velocity the canister must have relative to the spaceship. (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?