DNA TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION REPLICATION (D) DNA template (B] 3'-5' (C) MRNA (E) New (F) Name of (A) tRNA 5'-3' strand (anticodon) DNA strand Amino acid START T. Proline Glutamic acid T. Glutamic acid T. C T. stop
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INSTRUCTIONS: *refer to the photos below*
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 1 images
- A. Create the complimentary strand for the DNA strand below. Make sure to label the parts and direction of the strand. 5’-AACGGTCCAGTCCAAGTTACG-3’ 2. Below is a segment of DNA that is ready to be replicated. Outline the processes that the segment will go through during replication. Make sure to include the names of the enzymes that are involved. AATTGCCTGCTAGTCTCAG TTAACGGACGATCAGAGTC B. DNA: G T A C G C G T A T A C C G A C A T T C RNA: C A U G C G CAU A U G G C U G U A G Codons: AUG - CGC - AUA -UGG - CUG - UAA Anti-codons: UAC - GCG -UAU - ACC - GAC - AUU Amino acids: Met- Arg - Ile - Try - Leu Using the example above transcribe the following DNA strands into m-RNA and translate that strand into a polypeptide chain identifying the codons, anti-codons and amino acid sequence. 3. DNA: A T A C G A A A T C G C G A T C G C G G C G A T T C G G 4. DNA: T T T A C G G C C A T C A G G C A A T…b. The diagram below is of a short stretch of prokaryotic chromosomal DNA in the process of replication. Please supply the specific pieces of information requested by the boxes below. 1. What enzyme relaxes the supercoils? 2. What enzyme unwinds the DNA? 7. What does this arrow represent? 3. What enzyme synthesizes the RNA primer 8. Why should this single-stranded portion be stabilized? 4. What is this short segment of DNA called? 9. What enzyme synthesizes this long DNA segment? 5. What enzyme removes the RNA primer and replaces it with DNA? 10. Is this the leading or the lagging side? 6. What enzyme joins the short segments of DNA together? 3Answer the following questions: 1.)Explain in detail, how DNA replication occurs, include DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase , primase and ligase. 2.) Explain transcription and translation, explain the roles of chromosomes DNA , messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA in the process as well as how complementary base pairing is included. 3.) Illustrate a hypothetical genetic code by spelling out the nucleotide codons of a segement of mRNA and indicating the sequence of amino acids that could be coded for in the process of protein synthesis.
- INSTRUCTION: Given the DNA sequence below, provide the answers to the following items. a. complimentary DNA strand 1.) G A A A T G A C C A G A T T T A T G G C C T G A 2). A T G C G A C C T T A A G T C A A T T G C G A C b. mRNA 1.) G A A A T G A C C A G A T T T A T G G C C T G A 2). A T G C G A C C T T A A G T C A A T T G C G A C c. protein synthesized 1.) G A A A T G A C C A G A T T T A T G G C C T G A 2). A T G C G A C C T T A A G T C A A T T G C G A CB. Answer the following questions briefly. 1. How do we know that complementary base pairs in DNA really exist? 2. Compare and contrast replication, transcription and translation based on template used, direction of synthesis, protein/enzyme requirements during initiation, elongation and termination and products. CRITERIA of Replication Transcription Translation comparison 1. Template used 2. direction of synthesis 3. protein enzyme requirements a. Initiation b. Elongation c. Termination 4. Products 3. How do we know that expression of the information encoded in DNA involves an RNA intermediate?OR b. Discuss the structure of the replication fork and every protein used (include their specific functions) during DNA replication of a prokaryotic organism.
- Explain, in detail, the process of DNA replication. Include in your answer, a diagram, the cellular location and reason for DNA replication, the names of all enzymes/molecules involved, and the sequence of events. a. Explain, in detail, the process of mRNA translation. Include in your answer, a diagram, the cellular location and reason for translation, the names of all enzymes/molecules/sites involved, and the sequence of events. Please help explain in fewer than 8 sentences!DNA strand below: 3’ T A C A T G C C G A A T G C C 5’ Discuss how will replication happen by mentioning the enzyme needed then transcribe to form mRNA. Discuss what will happen to mRNA, then translate, mentioning the anticodon to be used. Look at the genetic code to know what amino acid will become part of the polypeptide chain. 1. Give the discussion of the entire procedure1. For each of the items below, give a brief description (indicate function for enzymes) and indicate in which process (replication, transcription, or translation) it is involved with. Description/Funetion catalyzes the unwinding of DNA strands Process involved in helicase replication 1. RNA primer 2. leading strand 3. RNASE 4. anti-sense strand 5. anticodon 6. RNA polymerase II 7. DNA polymerase 8. promoter site 9. DNA ligase 10. exit site
- Show all work. 1. A) Produce a double-stranded piece of DNA that is 11 base pairs long using the letters A, C, G, T and label the ends of both strands using 3' and 5' appropriately. B) Calculate the ratio of (A+T)/(G+C) and (A+G)/(C+T). Explain why one ratio will always be equal to 1.0?to 4 minutes) The schematic diagram below shows organization of the DNA replication fork. Match parts of the diagram (labeled A-F) with the corresponding term from the answer list (designated 31 parental duplex 5' 3' fork progression v A 1Lagging strand 2. An Okazaki tragment 3.Site of action of DNA topoisomerase 4 Leading strand 5. Site of action of DNA helicCase 6.Site of action of DNA ligaseExplain the effect(s) the following scenarios would have on DNA replication or translation. For each scenario, state whether DNA replication or translation would be able to proceed and explain your reasoning. Low amount of 7- methyl guanosine in the nucleus low amount of DNA polymerase I lack of helicase