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- Calculate ΔGinward. Is energy required for transport to happen? The cell is at 25°C. Membrane potential = -60 mV. What is the ΔGinward for chloride? Use the chart.For a typical vertebrate cell with a membrane potential of -0.070 V (inside negative), what is the free energy change for transporting 1 mol of Na* from the cell into the blood at 37°C? Assume the concentration of Na* inside the cell is 12 mM and in blood plasma is 145mM? Would you expect this transport to be an active or passive process?The proton gradient is NOT similar to which of the following situations? Choose all that apply O A rock that is pushed up a hill and is now sit ting on the edge of that hil O Acar that has no gasoline O A beaker that is separated in the middle by a semipermeable membrane and in which one side has a high concentration of salt while the other side is low in salt O A weight connected to some pulleys with the weight sitting on the ground O Water behind a damn in a flowing river
- An anion has an equilibrium potential of -40 mV. What direction are the chemical and electrical forces acting on the anion at the resting membrane potential (-70 mV)? A) Both the chemical and electrical forces are directed out of the cell. B) The chemical force is directed out of the cell and the electrical force is directed into the cell. C) The chemical force is directed into the cell and the electrical force is directed out of the cell. D) There is insufficient information to answer this question. E) Both the chemical and electrical forces are directed into the cell.would you be able to explain cell resting membrane potential and the Nernst EquationO Dashboard ein on 2out of12 Which will be more soluble, Ba(IO,), or Ca(10,),? The Ksp values of Ba(10, ), and Ca(10,), are 1.5 x10 and 7.1x10" respectively. (A) Ba(10, ), (B) Ca(10,), (C) Neither Ba (10, ), nor Ca(10,), (D) Both are equally soluble.
- 8. For a 200 mL of an aqueous solution containing 0.1 moles of KCl. If the specific conductance is xScm', the molar conductance will be .. .Scm? mol-'. а. 200х b. X с. 10х d. 5000xThe Km (actually Kt, anyway) for the GLUT 3 (glucose transporter 3) is 1 mM. The concentrations of glucose (Gic) in the blood stream is 5 mM. Which of the following is the best interpretation of the results? (example 15-1.page 579-580) The velocity of glucose influx (transport inside the cell) is about 10% of the maximum velocity; the tissue expressing GLUT3 is not very active and does not need glucose O The velocity of glucose influx (transport inside the cell) is about 50% of the maximum velocity; the tissue expressing GLUT3 needs a tight regulation of glucose transportation O The velocity of glucose influx (transport inside the cell) is about 80% of the maximum velocity; the tissue expressing GLUT3 needs almost a constant supply of glucose O The velocity of glucose influx (transport inside the cell is about 80% of the maximum velocity: the tissue expressing GLUT3 needs occasional bouts of glucoseWhat are the values of Ψtissue, ΨS, and ΨP for a tissue that neither gains nor loses weight when equilibrated with a 0.4 molal mannitol solution and that, when placed in a 0.6 molal mannitol solution, 50% of the cells are plasmolyzed? Ψ of 0.4 molal mannitol = -1 MPa Ψ of 0.6 molal mannitol = -1.5 MPa
- ATP is synthesized from ADP, Pi, and a proton on the matrix side of theinner mitochondrial membrane. We will refer to the matrix side as the“inside” of the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM).(a) H+ transport from the outside of the IMM into the matrix drives this process. The pH inside the matrix is 8.2, and the outside is more acidic by0.8 pH units. Assuming the IMM membrane potential is 168 mV (insidenegative), calculate ΔG for the transport of 1 mol of H+ across the IMMinto the matrix at 37 °C : H+(outside) → H+(inside).(b) Assume three mol H+ must be translocated to synthesize one mol ATPby coupling of the following reactions:ADP + Pi + H+(inside) → ATP + H2O (ATP synthesis)3H+(outside) → 3H+(inside) ( proton transport)Write the overall reaction for ATP synthesis coupled to H+ transport[and use this equation for part (c)]:(c) Assume three mol H+ must be translocated to synthesize one mol ATPas described in part (b) above. Given the following steady-state concentrations: ATP = 2.70…Suppose we have a cell with a resting membrane potential of -70 mV. The Na+ concentrations in the ECF and ICF are as follows: [Na+]ECF = 50 mM and [Na+]ICF = 50 mM. (a) Which direction (into or out of the cell) will Na+ flow if acted on only by its concentration force? Which direction will Na+ flow if acted on only by its electrical force? (b) Under these conditions, what is the equilibrium potential for Na+? (c) If we increase permeability to Na+ (by opening up a pathway in the membrane,) where will Na+ move and why? (d) How will this change Vm? Is this depolarization or hyperpolarization? (e) Please draw a figure of Vm as a function of time in this scenarioCalculate AG for the creation of an electrochemical gradient of protons in a mitochondrion, when the membrane potential is 150 mV and the pHs are 7 and 8 on the P side (intermembrane space) and the N side (matrix) of the membrane, respectively. (R = 8.315 J/mol/K; T = 298 K. F = 96,485 C/mol e)
